A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_URI::$config is deprecated

Filename: core/URI.php

Line Number: 101

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Router::$uri is deprecated

Filename: core/Router.php

Line Number: 127

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Verse::$benchmark is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Verse::$hooks is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Verse::$config is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Verse::$log is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Verse::$utf8 is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Verse::$uri is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Verse::$exceptions is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Verse::$router is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Verse::$output is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Verse::$security is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Verse::$input is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Verse::$lang is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 75

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Verse::$load is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 78

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Verse::$template is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 1283

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Verse::$db is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 396

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/models/Resourcemodel.php
Line: 8
Function: database

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 8
Function: model

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_DB_mysqli_driver::$failover is deprecated

Filename: database/DB_driver.php

Line Number: 371

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/models/Resourcemodel.php
Line: 8
Function: database

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 8
Function: model

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Verse::$resourcemodel is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 358

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 8
Function: model

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Verse::$kjvmodel is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 358

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 9
Function: model

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Verse::$mapmodel is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 358

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 10
Function: model

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::open($save_path, $name) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::open(string $path, string $name): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 132

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/helpers/history_helper.php
Line: 8
Function: library

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 18
Function: getLastVerse

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::close() should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::close(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 290

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/helpers/history_helper.php
Line: 8
Function: library

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 18
Function: getLastVerse

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::read($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::read(string $id): string|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 164

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/helpers/history_helper.php
Line: 8
Function: library

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 18
Function: getLastVerse

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::write($session_id, $session_data) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::write(string $id, string $data): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 233

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/helpers/history_helper.php
Line: 8
Function: library

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 18
Function: getLastVerse

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::destroy($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::destroy(string $id): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 313

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/helpers/history_helper.php
Line: 8
Function: library

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 18
Function: getLastVerse

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::gc($maxlifetime) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::gc(int $max_lifetime): int|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 354

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/helpers/history_helper.php
Line: 8
Function: library

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 18
Function: getLastVerse

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 282

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/helpers/history_helper.php
Line: 8
Function: library

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 18
Function: getLastVerse

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_set_cookie_params(): Session cookie parameters cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 289

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/helpers/history_helper.php
Line: 8
Function: library

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 18
Function: getLastVerse

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 304

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/helpers/history_helper.php
Line: 8
Function: library

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 18
Function: getLastVerse

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 314

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/helpers/history_helper.php
Line: 8
Function: library

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 18
Function: getLastVerse

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 315

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/helpers/history_helper.php
Line: 8
Function: library

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 18
Function: getLastVerse

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 316

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/helpers/history_helper.php
Line: 8
Function: library

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 18
Function: getLastVerse

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 317

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/helpers/history_helper.php
Line: 8
Function: library

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 18
Function: getLastVerse

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 375

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/helpers/history_helper.php
Line: 8
Function: library

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 18
Function: getLastVerse

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 108

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/helpers/history_helper.php
Line: 8
Function: library

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 18
Function: getLastVerse

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_set_save_handler(): Session save handler cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 110

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/helpers/history_helper.php
Line: 8
Function: library

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 18
Function: getLastVerse

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_start(): Session cannot be started after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 143

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/helpers/history_helper.php
Line: 8
Function: library

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 18
Function: getLastVerse

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Verse::$session is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 1283

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/helpers/history_helper.php
Line: 8
Function: library

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 18
Function: getLastVerse

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: explode(): Passing null to parameter #2 ($string) of type string is deprecated

Filename: models/Resourcemodel.php

Line Number: 18

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/models/Resourcemodel.php
Line: 18
Function: explode

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/models/Resourcemodel.php
Line: 16
Function: array_map

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 40
Function: getMain

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: explode(): Passing null to parameter #2 ($string) of type string is deprecated

Filename: models/Resourcemodel.php

Line Number: 18

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/models/Resourcemodel.php
Line: 18
Function: explode

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/models/Resourcemodel.php
Line: 16
Function: array_map

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 40
Function: getMain

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: explode(): Passing null to parameter #2 ($string) of type string is deprecated

Filename: models/Resourcemodel.php

Line Number: 18

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/models/Resourcemodel.php
Line: 18
Function: explode

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/models/Resourcemodel.php
Line: 16
Function: array_map

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 40
Function: getMain

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Verse::$email is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 1283

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/libraries/Ion_auth.php
Line: 65
Function: library

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/libraries/Template.php
Line: 14
Function: library

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 58
Function: load

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Ion_auth_model::$identity_column is deprecated

Filename: models/Ion_auth_model.php

Line Number: 183

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/models/Ion_auth_model.php
Line: 183
Function: _error_handler

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/libraries/Ion_auth.php
Line: 71
Function: model

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/libraries/Template.php
Line: 14
Function: library

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 58
Function: load

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Ion_auth_model::$store_salt is deprecated

Filename: models/Ion_auth_model.php

Line Number: 184

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/models/Ion_auth_model.php
Line: 184
Function: _error_handler

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/libraries/Ion_auth.php
Line: 71
Function: model

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/libraries/Template.php
Line: 14
Function: library

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 58
Function: load

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Ion_auth_model::$salt_length is deprecated

Filename: models/Ion_auth_model.php

Line Number: 185

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/models/Ion_auth_model.php
Line: 185
Function: _error_handler

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/libraries/Ion_auth.php
Line: 71
Function: model

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/libraries/Template.php
Line: 14
Function: library

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 58
Function: load

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Ion_auth_model::$join is deprecated

Filename: models/Ion_auth_model.php

Line Number: 186

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/models/Ion_auth_model.php
Line: 186
Function: _error_handler

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/libraries/Ion_auth.php
Line: 71
Function: model

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/libraries/Template.php
Line: 14
Function: library

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 58
Function: load

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Ion_auth_model::$hash_method is deprecated

Filename: models/Ion_auth_model.php

Line Number: 189

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/models/Ion_auth_model.php
Line: 189
Function: _error_handler

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/libraries/Ion_auth.php
Line: 71
Function: model

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/libraries/Template.php
Line: 14
Function: library

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 58
Function: load

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Ion_auth_model::$default_rounds is deprecated

Filename: models/Ion_auth_model.php

Line Number: 190

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/models/Ion_auth_model.php
Line: 190
Function: _error_handler

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/libraries/Ion_auth.php
Line: 71
Function: model

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/libraries/Template.php
Line: 14
Function: library

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 58
Function: load

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Ion_auth_model::$random_rounds is deprecated

Filename: models/Ion_auth_model.php

Line Number: 191

Backtrace:

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/models/Ion_auth_model.php
Line: 191
Function: _error_handler

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/libraries/Ion_auth.php
Line: 71
Function: model

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/libraries/Template.php
Line: 14
Function: library

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/application/controllers/Verse.php
Line: 58
Function: load

File: /home/biblesnow37852/public_html/index.php
Line: 316
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Isaiah 15:2 – BibleTools.info

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Isaiah 15:2

Adam Clarke
Bible Commentary

He is gone to Bajith, and to Dibon - הבית עלה alah habbayith, should be rendered, he is gone to the House, i.e., to their chief temple, where they practiced idolatry. Dibon was the name of a tower where also was an idolatrous temple; thither they went to weep and pray before their idols, that they might interpose and save them from their calamities. So R. D. Kimchi. Me is gone to Bajith and to Dibon: but Bishop Lowth reads Beth Dibon; this is the name of one place; and the two words are to be joined together, without the ו vau intervening. So the Chaldee and Syriac. This reading is not supported by any MS. or Version: but some MSS., instead of ער ar, have עיר ir, a city, others have עד ad, unto, and some editions have על al, upon. But all these help little, though they show that the place puzzled both the scribes and the editors.

On all their heads shall be baldness, etc." On every head there is baldness," etc. - Herodotus, 2:36, speaks of it as a general practice among all men, except the Egyptians, to cut off their hair as a token of mourning. "Cut off thy hair, and cast it away," says Jeremiah, Jeremiah 7:29, "and take up a lamentation."

Τουτο νυ και γερας οιον οἱζυροισι βροτοισι<-144 Κειρασθαι τε κομην, βαλεειν τ ' απο δακρυ παρειωνπ .

Hom. Odyss. 4:197.

"The rites of wo

Are all, alas! the living can bestow;

O'er the congenial dust enjoined to shear

The graceful curl, and drop the tender tear."

Pope.

On every head. - For ראשיו roshaiv, read ראש rosh . So the parallel place, Jeremiah 48:37, and so three MSS., one ancient. An ancient MS. reads ראש כל על al col rosh . Five read ראש בכל bechol rosh, on every head, with the Septuagint and Arabic. And every head. The ו vau, and, is found in thirty MSS., in three editions, and in the Syriac, Vulgate, and Chaldee.

Cut off "Shorn" - The printed editions, as well as the MSS., are divided on the reading of this word. Some have גדועה geduah, shorn, others גרעה geruah, diminished. The similitude of the letters ד daleth and ר resh has likewise occasioned many mistakes. In the present case, the sense is pretty much the same with either reading. The text of Jeremiah 48:37; has the latter, diminished. The former reading is found in twelve of Dr. Zennicott's MSS., forty of De Rossi's, and two of my own. A great number of editions have the same reading.

Albert Barnes
Notes on the Whole Bible

He is gone up - That is, the inhabitants of Moab in consternation have fled from their ruined cities, and have gone up to other places to weep.

To Bajith, and to Dibon - Lowth supposes that these two words should be joined together, and that one place is denoted. The Chaldee renders it, ‹Ascend into the houses of Dibon.‘ Kimchi supposes that the word (בית bayith ) denotes a temple. It usually means “house,” and hence, may mean a temple of the gods; that is, the principal “house” in the land. This interpretation is adopted by Gesenius and Noyes. Vitringa supposes it to mean Beth-Meon Jeremiah 48:24, or Beth-Baal-Meon Joshua 13:17, north of the Arnon, now “Macin.” I have adopted the translation proposed by Kimchi as better expressing the sense in my view than that which makes it a proper name. Dibon, perhaps the same place as Dimon in Isaiah 15:9, was a city given by Moses to Gad, and afterward yielded to Reuben Numbers 32:3, Numbers 32:33-34; Joshua 13:9. It was again occupied by the Moabites Jeremiah 48:18, Jeremiah 48:2. Eusebius says it was a large town on the north of the river Arnon. Seetsen found there ruins under the name of Diban in a magnificent plain. Hence, “Dibon” is here appropriately described as “going up” from a plain to weep; and the passage may be rendered, ‹Dibon is weeping upon the high places.‘

To weep - Over the sudden desolation which has come upon the principal cities.

Moab shall howl over Nebo - Nebo was one of the mountains on the east of the Jordan. It was so high that from it an extended view could be taken of the land of Canaan opposite. It was distinguished as being the place where Moses died Deuteronomy 32:49; Deuteronomy 34:1. The meaning of this is, that on mount Nebo, Moab should lift up the voice of wailing. Jerome says that the idol Chamos, the principal idol of Moab, was on mount Nebo, and that this was the place of its worship. This mountain was near the northern extremity of the Dead Sea. Mount Nebo was completely barren when Burckhardt passed over it, and the site of the ancient city had not been ascertained (“Travels in Syria,” p. 370.) On its summit, says Burckhardt, was a heap of stones overshadowed by a very large wild pistacia tree. At a short distance below, to the southwest, is the ruined place called Kereyat.

And over Medeba - This was a city east of the Jordan in the southern part of the territory allotted to Reuben. It was taken from the Reubenites by the Moabites. Burckhardt describes the ruins of this town, which still bears the same name. He says of it, it is ‹built upon a round hill; but there is no river near it. It is at least half an hour in circumference. I observed many remains of private houses, constructed with blocks of silex; but not a single edifice is standing. There is a large birket, tank, or cistern, which, as there is no spring at Medeba, might be still of use to the Bedouins, were the surrounding ground cleared of the rubbish to allow the water to flow into it; but such an undertaking is far beyond the views of the wandering Arabic On the west side of the town are the foundations of a temple built with large stones, and apparently of great antiquity. A part of its eastern wall remains, constructed in the same style as the castle wall at Ammon. At the entrance to one of the courts stand two columns of the Doric order. In the center of one of the courts is a large well.‘ (“Travels in Syria,” pp. 366,367.)

On all their heads shall be baldness … - To cut off the hair of the head and the beard was expressive of great grief. It is well known that the Orientals regard the beard with great sacredness and veneration, and that they usually dress it with great care, Great grief was usually expressed by striking external acts. Hence, they lifted up the voice in wailing; they hired persons to howl over the dead; they rent their garments; and for the same reason, in times of great calamity or grief, they cut off the hair, and even the beard. Herodotus (ii. 36) speaks of it as a custom among all nations, except the Egyptians, to cut off the hair as a token of mourning. So also Homer says, that on the death of Patroclus they cut off the hair as expressive of grief (Iliad, xxiii. 46,47):

Next these a melancholy band appear,

Amidst lay dead Patroclus on a bier;

O‘er all the course their scattered locks they threw.

Pope

See also “Odyss.” iv. 197. This was also the custom with the Romans (Ovid. “Amor.” 3,5,12); the Egyptians (Diod. i. 84); the Scythians (Herod. iv. 71); and the modern Cretans. The principle on which this is done is, that thereby they are deprived of what is esteemed the most beautiful ornament of the body; an idea which lies at the foundation of mourning in all countries and ages. The loss of the beard, also, was the highest calamity, and would be expressive of the deepest grief. ‹It is,‘ says D‘Arvieux, who has devoted a chapter to the exposition of the sentiments of the Arabs in regard to the beard, ‹a greater mark of infamy in Arabia to cut a man‘s beard off, than it is with us to whip a fellow at the cart‘s tail, or to burn him in the hand. Many people in that country would far rather die than incur that punishment. I saw an Arab who had received a musket shot in the jaw, and who was determined rather to perish than to allow the surgeon to cut his beard off to dress his wound. His resolution was at length overcome; but not until the wound was beginning to gangrene. he never allowed himself to be seen while his beard was off; and when at last he got abroad, he went always with his face covered with a black veil, that he might not be seen without a beard; and this he did until his beard had grown again to a considerable length.‘ (“Pic. Bib.,” vol. ii. p. 100.) Burckhardt also remarks, that the Arabs who have, from any cause, had the misfortune to lose their beards invariably conceal themselves from view until their beards are grown again (compare Isaiah 3:24; Isaiah 22:12; Jeremiah 41:5; Micah 1:16). The idea is, that the Moabites would be greatly afflicted. Jeremiah has stated the same thing of Moab Jeremiah 48:37:

For every head shall be bald, and every beard be clipt;

And upon all hands shall be cuttings,

And upon the loins sackcloth.